Britain’s export of plastic waste to developing nations has increased by 84% in the first half of this year compared to the same period last year, according to data analyzed for the Guardian. This surge primarily involves shipments to Malaysia and Indonesia. The findings have prompted criticism from environmental campaigners, who label the practice as “unethical and irresponsible waste imperialism.”
The European Union has decided to implement a ban on waste exports to less affluent nations outside those within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). This ban will take effect in November 2026 and may extend beyond the initial duration of two and a half years. Currently, the UK does not have a similar ban in place. An analysis by the US group The Last Beach Cleanup indicates that plastic waste exports from the UK in the first half of 2025 amounted to 317,647 tonnes, with 20% destined for non-OECD countries—up from 11% in 2024.
Critics, including representatives from The Last Beach Cleanup, have pointed to a lack of action from UK ministers regarding a ban on such exports, accusing them of hypocrisy given the UK’s participation in international discussions aimed at reducing plastic production and consumption.
Additionally, waste export trends suggest that as one country tightens import regulations, such as Malaysia’s new restrictions, plastic waste trade may shift to other regions, further complicating the waste management landscape. While the UK’s exports to Malaysia decreased in July, experts believe the overall figures may underestimate the extent of plastic waste being shipped, as some is funneled through intermediary countries, including the Netherlands.
Calls from activists for the UK government to adopt a ban on plastic waste exports have gained momentum. They argue that closing loopholes making exportation cheaper than recycling is essential for sustainable waste management.
Source: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/oct/08/uk-plastic-waste-exports-to-developing-countries-rose-84-in-a-year-data-shows