Mars, once a planet that featured flowing water and a dynamic atmosphere, experienced significant changes due to its size and core cooling. About 4 billion years ago, Mars had conditions somewhat resembling those on Earth, but its smaller diameter led to the rapid cooling of its core, which resulted in the loss of its magnetic field. This left Mars exposed to solar winds, causing most of its atmosphere to be stripped away. As a consequence, Mars could not retain heat, leading to the evaporation of oceans and leaving most water frozen at the polar regions. Consequently, the potential for plant life on Mars appears to have vanished.
Despite this history, researchers are questioning whether it might be possible to cultivate crops on Mars for future astronauts. Various experiments and studies are being conducted to explore the requirements for creating a viable Martian agriculture system. This involves understanding the soil composition, potential water resources, and how to overcome the harsh environmental conditions present on the planet.
As the concept of Mars colonization gains traction, efforts continue to evaluate the feasibility of sustainable agriculture beyond Earth. Scientists seek to identify methods for growing food that not only provide for astronauts but could also serve as a foundation for a long-term human presence on Mars. The challenges involved are substantial, making it a topic of significant interest in the fields of space exploration and agricultural science.
Source: https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/09/22/1123889/the-download-the-llm-will-see-you-now-and-a-new-fusion-power-deal/