As global energy consumption rises, the source of electricity significantly impacts climate change. Currently, the world’s electricity grids remain largely dependent on fossil fuels, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions with any increase in electricity usage. However, this trend is gradually shifting.
In the first half of this year, solar and wind power emerged as the leading sources of electricity, surpassing coal for the first time. Projections suggest that coal usage may peak and start to decline by the end of this decade. Additionally, the role of nuclear energy could expand, as the global nuclear fleet is expected to grow by a third over the next ten years. Solar energy is also projected to continue its rapid expansion, with 80% of projected electricity demand growth over the next decade occurring in regions with favorable solar conditions.
While these developments indicate progress in global energy systems, concerns remain about the overall pace of change. Global emissions are anticipated to reach record highs this year, underscoring the urgency for a transition to cleaner energy sources. To mitigate climate change impacts and limit warming, a comprehensive transformation of the energy system—including electricity generation—is essential, and this transformation must occur more swiftly.
The information provided is based on the latest insights from The Spark, MIT Technology Review’s weekly climate newsletter.
Source: https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/11/20/1128167/future-of-electricity/