In July 2027, concerns are rising regarding a potential Chinese invasion of Taiwan, with reports of AI-powered autonomous drones designed to bypass the island’s air defenses. Concurrently, AI-generated cyberattacks are disrupting energy and communication systems, while a disinformation campaign appears to be mitigating international responses to China’s actions. This scenario reflects ongoing discussions about the implications of AI in warfare.
Military leaders envision AI-enhanced combat forces that could provide greater speed and accuracy. However, there are apprehensions about the potential for loss of control over conflicts and the ethical implications of such technology. Prominent figures like former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger have expressed concerns regarding the threats posed by AI in military contexts.
Addressing these risks has become a critical priority. There is a growing consensus in Western military circles that decisions regarding nuclear weapon deployment should remain under human control. UN Secretary-General António Guterres has advocated for a ban on fully autonomous weapon systems. As technology continues to evolve, the need for adequate regulation becomes increasingly apparent. Nevertheless, some experts argue that the practical capabilities of AI in warfare may be overstated.
Anthony King, Director of the Strategy and Security Institute at the University of Exeter, points out that rather than fully replacing human involvement, AI is likely to enhance military decision-making. Current applications of military AI do not involve complete autonomy, focusing instead on planning, logistics, cyber operations, and targeted weaponry— notably with AI systems utilized by Ukrainian forces and the Israel Defense Forces.
However, insights from military applications of AI, such as the Lavender decision support system used by the Israel Defense Forces, raise concerns about potential biases in data training. Some operators argue that statistical methods may offer more impartial decision-making compared to human judgment. Others in the tech field contend that existing regulations suffice to manage AI capabilities, asserting that human oversight remains central to accountability.
Source: https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/11/17/1127514/the-state-of-ai-the-new-rules-of-war/