Organizations are increasingly recognizing the importance of bolstering the security of their artificial intelligence (AI) models and data. A primary concern is the potential for manipulation through AI-enabled malware, such as prompt injections. In these scenarios, a malicious actor can construct a prompt that leads an AI model to execute unintended actions, effectively circumventing built-in safeguards.
The emergence of agentic AI introduces additional complexities, as hackers can deploy AI agents to automate cyberattacks and make tactical decisions with limited human oversight. According to cybersecurity expert Bailey, agentic AI may lower the cost associated with executing cybercrime, potentially allowing everyday criminals to engage in operations previously reserved for well-funded espionage efforts.
Amid these challenges, organizations are investigating how AI agents can enhance their defenses. A report from Cisco indicates that nearly 40% of companies anticipate AI agents will assist in various capacities within the next year, particularly in cybersecurity. AI agents trained on telemetry data may uncover anomalies and patterns within complex datasets that are difficult for human analysts to interpret.
Parallel to these developments in AI, concerns are mounting regarding quantum computing’s potential to disrupt current cybersecurity measures. A KPMG survey reveals that 73% of U.S. organizations believe it is inevitable that cybercriminals will harness quantum technology to compromise existing encryption methods. Despite this concern, 81% of respondents acknowledge that they could enhance their data security efforts.
Some technology giants are proactively implementing quantum-first defenses. For instance, Apple is employing the PQ3 cryptography protocol for its iMessage platform, while Google is exploring post-quantum cryptography (PQC) for Chrome. Cisco has also invested significantly in quantum-proofing its systems. The Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act, along with initiatives from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, are motivating more organizations to develop and implement quantum defenses.
For organizations beginning to address these threats, Bailey suggests two primary actions: establish comprehensive visibility into their data assets and review encryption measures to ensure robustness.
Source: https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/11/10/1127774/reimagining-cybersecurity-in-the-era-of-ai-and-quantum/